Namuhla, ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo komnotho namasiko omhlaba, izindaba zemvelo nezemvelo sezithole ukunakwa kuyo yonke imikhakha yempilo.Ukuwohloka kwemvelo, ukushoda kwezinsiza kanye nenkinga yamandla kwenze abantu babona ukubaluleka kokuthuthukiswa komnotho nemvelo ngendlela evumelanayo, futhi umqondo “womnotho oluhlaza” othuthukiswe ngenjongo yokuzwana phakathi komnotho nemvelo uye wanda kancane kancane.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abantu baqala ukunaka kakhulu izindaba zemvelo nezemvelo.Ngemuva kocwaningo olunzulu, bathole ukuthi imiphumela iyashaqisa.
Ukungcoliswa okumhlophe, okubuye kwaziwe ngokuthi ukungcoliswa kwemfucuza yepulasitiki, sekube yinhlekelele enkulu kakhulu yokungcoliswa kwemvelo emhlabeni.Ngo-2017, i-Global Marine Database ye-Japan Marine Science and Technology Centre yabonisa ukuthi ngaphezu kwengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yemfucumfucu yolwandle ejulile etholwe kuze kube manje izingcezu ezinkulu zepulasitiki, okuyi-89% yazo imfucumfucu elahlayo.Ekujuleni okungamamitha ayizi-6,000, ngaphezu kwengxenye yemfucumfucu iyipulasitiki, futhi cishe yonke iyakwazi ukulahlwa.Uhulumeni waseBrithani waveza embikweni oshicilelwe ngo-2018 ukuthi isamba semfucumfucu yepulasitiki olwandle emhlabeni izophindeka kathathu phakathi neminyaka eyishumi.Ngokusho kwe-"From Pollution to Solutions: Global Assessment of Marine Litter and Plastic Pollution" eyakhishwa yi-United Nations Environment Programme ngo-Okthoba 2021, ingqikithi yamathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-9.2 emikhiqizo yepulasitiki yakhiqizwa emhlabeni wonke phakathi kuka-1950 no-2017, cishe angu-7. amathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane abe udoti wepulasitiki.Izinga lomhlaba wonke lokugaywa kabusha kwalezi zibi zepulasitiki lingaphansi kuka-10%.Njengamanje, udoti wepulasitiki olwandle usufinyelele amathani ayizigidi ezingu-75 kuya kwezingu-199, okuhlanganisa u-85% wesisindo esiphelele sikadoti wasolwandle.Uma izinyathelo zokungenelela ezisebenzayo zingathathwa, kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngo-2040, inani lemfucuza yepulasitiki engena emanzini izocishe iphindwe kathathu iye kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-23-37 ngonyaka;kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngo-2050, inani lepulasitiki eliphelele olwandle lizodlula elezinhlanzi.Le mfucumfucu yepulasitiki ayigcini nje ngokudala umonakalo omkhulu ezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle kanye nemvelo yasemhlabeni, kodwa izinhlayiya zepulasitiki nezithasiselo zazo zingaba nomthelela omubi empilweni yabantu nempilo yesikhathi eside.
Kuze kube manje, umphakathi wamazwe omhlaba ukhiphe izinqubomgomo ngokulandelana zokuvala nokukhawulela amapulasitiki, futhi uphakamise uhlelo lwezikhathi lokuvala nokukhawulela amapulasitiki.Njengamanje, amazwe angaphezu kwe-140 acacise izinqubomgomo ezifanele.I-Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the National Development and Reform Commission ehlongozwayo kokuthi “Opinions on Further Strengthening Plastic Pollution Control” eyakhishwa ngoJanuwari 2020: “Ngo-2022, ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki elahlwayo kuzoncipha kakhulu, eminye imikhiqizo izothuthukiswa. , futhi imfucuza yepulasitiki izosetshenziswa njengemithombo yamandla.”Ingxenye yokusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki inyuke kakhulu. ”Uhulumeni waseBrithani waqala ukukhuthaza i-"Plastic Restriction Order" entsha ekuqaleni kuka-2018, uvimbele ngokuphelele ukuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki elahlayo efana nezitsha zepulasitiki.Ngo-2018, i-European Commission yenza isiphakamiso sohlelo lwe-“Plastic Restriction Order”, iphakamisa ukuthi izinti ezenziwe ngezinto ezivikela imvelo futhi ezisimeme kufanele zithathele indawo yotshani bepulasitiki.Hhayi nje kuphela imikhiqizo yepulasitiki elahlwayo, kodwa yonke imboni yemikhiqizo yepulasitiki izobhekana nezinguquko ezinkulu, ikakhulukazi ukwanda kwakamuva kwamanani kawoyela ongahluziwe, futhi ukuguqulwa kwekhabhoni ephansi embonini yemikhiqizo yepulasitiki sekuseduze.Izinto ezinekhabhoni ephansi zizoba ukuphela kwendlela yokushintsha amapulasitiki.
Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-1,600 zezitshalo ze-bamboo ezaziwa emhlabeni wonke, futhi indawo yamahlathi e-bamboo idlula amahektha ayizigidi ezingu-35, asakazwa kabanzi e-Asia, e-Afrika naseMelika.Ngokusho kwe- "China Forest Resources Report", indawo yehlathi le-bamboo ekhona ezweni lami ingamahektha ayizigidi ezingu-6.4116, futhi inani lokukhishwa kwe-bamboo ngo-2020 lizoba yi-321.7 billion yuan.Ngo-2025, inani eliphelele lomkhiqizo wemboni kazwelonke yoqalo lizodlula ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-700.Uqalo unezici zokukhula ngokushesha, isikhathi esifushane sokutshala, amandla aphezulu, nokuqina okuhle.Izikhungo eziningi zocwaningo lwesayensi kanye namabhizinisi aseqalile ukuthuthukisa kanye nokukhiqiza imikhiqizo ye-bamboo ukuze ithathe indawo yemikhiqizo yepulasitiki, njengamapayipi ayinhlanganisela anoqalo avunguzayo, i-bamboo tableware alahlwayo, kanye nezinto zangaphakathi zezimoto.Ayikwazi ukufaka esikhundleni sepulasitiki kuphela ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zabantu, kodwa futhi ihlangabezane nezidingo zokuvikelwa kwemvelo okuluhlaza.Kodwa-ke, iningi locwaningo lusaqala, futhi isabelo semakethe nokuqashelwa kufanele kuthuthukiswe.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunikeza amathuba amaningi "okushintsha ipulasitiki nge-bamboo", futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo imemezela ukuthi "ukushintsha ipulasitiki ngoqalo" kuzoholela ekuthuthukisweni okuluhlaza.ukuhlolwa okukhulu ukubhekana nazo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-23-2023
